KAMCO – A White Knight for Korean Shipping

There are many intrinsic reasons for governments in Asia to formulate policies to support their domestic shipbuilding industry, either through direct loans to the yards or their clients. The shipping sector, however, has in sharp contrast, failed to benefit in the same way, with the exception of South Korea. As a resource-poor country, South Korea recognizes shipping as strategically vital to the nation’s economic wellbeing. During the Asian financial crisis in the late 1990s, cash strapped Korean shipping companies sold 112 ships at distressed prices to foreign buyers and as a result, the country had to grapple with the repercussions from the loss of its national fleet. This painful lesson has strengthened the nation’s determination not to allow history to repeat itself, at a time when shipowners are once again facing huge challenges on multiple fronts including a weaker demand due to the current acroeconomic uncertainly, capacity glut across all vessel types and rising bunker costs.

Armed with the mission to assist in the restructuring or liquidation of distressed assets, Korea Asset Management Corporation (“KAMCO”) has been playing a vital role in alleviating domestic shipping companies from a liquidity crisis. In 2009, the state-run financial restructuring agency established a maritime fund, designed to help shipping companies reduce their capital costs on their vessels. Since then, KAMCO has acquired 27 vessels of over USD 720 million directly from the shipping companies. This strong (and unprecedented) support for the shipping sector has allowed South Korean shipping companies to weather the after-effects of the Lehman crisis. Continue Reading

KAMCO Delivers Impressive Report Card

We are excited to hear from KAMCO Ship Investment Management Corporation (“KAMCO”) that it has signed term sheets for five more shipping funds with a reputable Korean shipping company and for the very first time, a European bank will be providing the senior loans for these newbuildings. KAMCO is expecting to finance 10 more ships and by the end of this year, it will have close to 40 shipping funds under its belt.

During the Asian Financial Crisis in the late 1990s, cash strapped Korean shipping companies sold 112 ships at distressed prices to foreign buyers and the government was determined not to allow history to repeat itself. A year ago, the Ministry of Land, Transport & Maritime Affairs announced that it would spend up to KRW 1 trillion to acquire ships (not more than 15 years old) from local shipping companies in an effort to enhance their liquidity position and more importantly prevent a loss of national wealth. Continue Reading

Government Intervention

By Kate Lawrence

The classic, and contentious, Keynesian argument—whether or not intervention of government policies (and funds) aids in the security and success of markets—seems increasingly mute these days, as the international economic recession has motivated governments to pledge aid, fund stimulus packages, and rethink financial and tax programs for businesses across the board.

In the realm of shipping, the simultaneous economic and credit crises have had significant impact on the ability of certain registers to maintain their viability, calling in to question critical government policy changes as they pertain to industries with strong offshore and overseas bases.
The European Commission’s 2009-2010 Maritime Transport Strategy Communication has stressed the importance of pursuing appropriate government action to ensure the continuous performance of the E.U. maritime transport industry. This includes government support of European registers, which face increasing competition from ‘third country’ companies, which enjoy more the considerable financial and legal backing of their own governments.

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Let Us Get Together

The Korean shipping finance market remains challenging but it is heartening to note one Korean financial institution is thinking out of the box and supporting its core clients. On the second day of Marine Money Asia Week, we had the pleasure to listen to Mr. Dong Hae Lee, Head of Shipping Finance Team at the Korea Development Bank (“KDB”). Mr. Lee told the audience that Korean shipping companies continue to suffer losses from operations which have led to several cases of corporate restructuring and liquidation in the country. But the good news is there are several avenues for Korean owners and operators to strengthen their balance sheets now.

For the big boys, self help is important. Korea Line, Hanjin Shipping, STX Pan Ocean, Hyundai Merchant Marine, SK Shipping and Eukor Car Carriers have raised over KRW 2.93 trillion (USD 2.5 billion) from the domestic capital markets. And if the shipping company has secured Contracts of Affreightment (“COA”) earnings from the big freighters such as POSCO, KOGAS and KEPCO, asset-backed securitization and asset-backed loans can be arranged by the banks to enhance the operator’s liquidity position. In terms of sale and leaseback structures, both KDB and Korea Asset Management Corp (“KAMCO”) have introduced shipping funds to provide further financial support to the shipping industry.  Continue Reading

Clarification

Last week, we had the privilege to discuss with KAMCO about its shipping funds and here is an update for our readers.

To recap quickly, the KAMCO fund structure resembles the Korean Ship Investment Company scheme that is incidentally modeled after Germany’s KG fund and Norway’s KS fund. Firstly, a ship investment company (“SIC”) is established with equity financing from KAMCO funds, pension funds, insurance companies, investment companies and individuals looking for tax benefits. Depending on each shipping fund, KAMCO’s own restructuring fund along with other investors (if any) will provide 40% junior loans to the SIC set up to own the vessel. Financial investors including Hana Bank and Korea Exchange Bank will provide senior loans of up to 20% of the ship’s market value to the SPC.

With the funds from the SIC and financial investors, the SPC will next execute a sale and bareboat charterback with the shipping company, in most cases BBCHP (Bareboat Charter Hire Purchase) for a minimum of 5 years. The BBCHP model allows rates to be set so that owners can continue to operate ships reasonably in the current environment. Typically, only interest payments are to be made over the life of the loans with a balloon payment at the end. The investors will be exposed to minimal residual and equity risks under the BBCHP structure as the shipping company will be obligated to purchase the vessel at the end of the charter. KAMCO can accommodate bareboat charters in the structure as well, depending on the preference of the shipping company. Continue Reading

Let’s Together Shipping Fund

Korea Development Bank has established a KRW 2 trillion won (USD 1.6 billion) distressed asset fund to support the domestic shipping industry. We will be providing more details as well as a highlight on the differences between KDB’s fund and state-run debt-clearing agency Korea Asset Management Corp (Kamco)’s fund in the next issue of Marine Money Asia. Stay tuned.